What Austin Residents Should Know
Austin's water comes primarily from the Colorado River via Lake Austin and Lake Travis, which are generally high-quality water sources. However, several factors create challenges for Austin's water quality. The rapid population growth has strained infrastructure, leading to periodic issues with water delivery and quality, particularly in older neighborhoods and during extreme weather events.
In recent years, Austin has faced two unique challenges: algal blooms and zebra mussel infestations. Toxic blue-green algae have periodically affected Lady Bird Lake and other water bodies, though the drinking water treatment process removes these toxins. Zebra mussels have colonized the water intake pipes, occasionally causing unusual odors or tastes in the water, though these are aesthetic rather than health concerns.
While Austin's water meets federal and state standards, historic extreme weather events like the 2021 winter storm and recurring droughts have occasionally triggered boil water notices. Additionally, older homes in established neighborhoods may have lead service lines or lead plumbing components if built before 1986.
Key Contaminants Found
These substances have been detected in Austin's water supply at levels that may be concerning for some residents.
Lead
Below Limit, But PresentSource: Lead service lines, lead solder in plumbing, and older fixtures in pre-1986 buildings
Health Effects: Developmental delays in children, learning disabilities, reduced IQ, kidney problems, high blood pressure
Austin Levels: Average 4.8 ppb (90th percentile), with approximately 5% of samples exceeding the EPA action level
EPA Limit: Action level 15 ppb, but no safe level exists
Hard Water Minerals
Not a Health ConcernSource: Natural limestone deposits in the Hill Country and Colorado River basin
Health Effects: No direct health concerns, but can cause dry skin, hair issues, and appliance/plumbing damage
Austin Levels: 8.4 grains per gallon (143 mg/L), considered "hard"
EPA Limit: Not regulated (aesthetic concern only)
Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs)
Near Limit SeasonallySource: Byproducts formed when chlorine used to disinfect water reacts with organic matter
Health Effects: Potential increased risk of cancer with long-term exposure, liver and kidney problems
Austin Levels: 45-65 ppb, varying by season and location, higher during summer months
EPA Limit: 80 ppb
Geosmin & MIB (from Zebra Mussels)
Taste/Odor OnlySource: Compounds released by zebra mussels and algae in source water
Health Effects: No health concerns, but causes earthy/musty taste and odor in water
Austin Levels: Seasonally variable, typically higher in summer and early fall
EPA Limit: Not regulated (aesthetic concern only)
Neighborhood Variations
Water quality can vary across Austin's neighborhoods, primarily due to differences in infrastructure age, pipe materials, and distance from treatment facilities.
Water Quality by Area
| Neighborhood/Area | Risk Level | Treatment Plant | Buildings Pre-1986 | Notable Concerns |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| East Austin | High | Davis WTP | 76% | Lead, Aging Infrastructure |
| Central Austin/Hyde Park | High | Davis WTP | 72% | Lead, Aging Infrastructure |
| South Austin | Medium | Ullrich WTP | 58% | Lead, Hard Water |
| North Austin | Medium | Davis/Handcox WTP | 45% | TTHMs, Hard Water |
| Northwest Hills | Medium | Davis WTP | 48% | TTHMs, Seasonal Taste/Odor |
| Southwest Austin | Low | Ullrich WTP | 22% | Hard Water, Seasonal Taste/Odor |
Data based on Austin Water sampling and U.S. Census housing statistics.
Recommended Action Steps
Based on Austin's water quality data, we recommend these actions to protect yourself and your family.
Test Your Water If in an Older Home
If you live in a pre-1986 home, especially in East Austin, Central Austin, or Hyde Park, consider testing your water for lead and other contaminants. Austin Water offers testing services for residents.
Austin Lead Testing InfoUse a Carbon Filter for Taste and Odor
For seasonal taste and odor issues caused by zebra mussels and algae, a simple activated carbon filter (pitcher or faucet-mounted) can be very effective. These filters also help reduce chlorine taste and some disinfection byproducts.
Run Cold Water Before Use
If your water has been sitting for several hours, run cold water for 30-60 seconds before using it for drinking or cooking. For buildings with lead service lines, run water for 2-3 minutes to flush stagnant water from your pipes.
Consider a Water Softener
To address Austin's hard water issues, a water softener can protect appliances, improve soap efficiency, and prevent scale buildup on fixtures. This is an optional step primarily for home comfort and appliance longevity.
Stay Informed During Extreme Weather
Austin has experienced water quality challenges during extreme weather events like flooding, drought, and freeze events. Sign up for alerts from Austin Water to receive notifications about water quality advisories.
Water Quality AlertsBe Vigilant During Algal Bloom Season
While algal blooms primarily affect recreational waters rather than drinking water, stay informed about toxic algae warnings, especially if you have pets who might access Lady Bird Lake or other affected water bodies during summer months.
Algae InformationWant to know your personal water quality risk?
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